An exploration of COVID-19 impact on physical capacity, self-reported outcomes, and mental health in late adolescents

Abstract

The emergence of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has significantly impacted daily existence and affects not only respiratory functions but also psychological well-being and musculoskeletal health. Despite the considerable body of research examining the effects of COVID-19 on adults and older populations, the consequences on adolescents remain relatively underexplored. This study explored the COVID-19 impact on physical capacity, self-reported outcomes, and mental health in late adolescents who graduated from high school. The late adolescents were divided into recovered from mild COVID-19 (RFC, n = 68) group and healthy late adolescent controls without diagnosed COVID-19 (HC, n = 70) before. Physical capacity (shoulder flexor/abductor and elbow flexor/extensor muscle strength, back and leg power, and mobility), self-reported outcomes (kinesiophobia, emotional intelligence, and quality of life), and mental health were assessed. The mean follow-up of mild COVID-19 diagnosis in the RFC group was 12.20 +/- 1.79 weeks. The results indicated a reduction in physical capacity among the RFC group compared to the HC group (p <= 0.014). Furthermore, the RFC group exhibited higher levels of kinesiophobia (p = 0.001), lower quality of life (p < 0.05), and increased stress related to mental health (p = 0.004). However, it was noted that emotional intelligence was higher in the RFC group (p = 0.005). Mild COVID-19 adversely impacts physical capacity, life quality, kinesiophobia, and stress aspects of mental health in late adolescents. Thus, public health professionals and school administrators must recognize these consequences and collaboratively implement measures to improve physical activity levels through well-designed physical training programs and offer psychological support for late adolescents.