Anticholinergic Evaluation, Antioxidant Effects, and DNA Protection Potential of Chenopodium spp Depending on Its Phenolic Content

Abstract

Plants are important food sources and natural therapeutics, and they are preferred as an alternative instead of synthetic medicines with harmful side effects in the treatment of routine diseases. Their unique effects are mostly attributed to specific herbal metabolites based on soil, climatic, and biogeography. Chenopodium species growing on barren and alkaline soils with nitrogen content are important candidates for unique biological effects. Due to their acceptance as food and wild, searching the biological activities and knowing the metabolite content are important. A series of in vitro biological activity tests were performed to determine the effects of Chenopodium spp (Cspp). First, leaf and flower samples were prepared using a Soxhlet device. Antioxidant tests including radical scavenging and heavy metal reduction were performed. Their phenolic contents were determined by LC-MS/MS to better interpreting the antioxidant results. Their inhibitory effects on AChE and BChE were tested and were shown to have quite significant total inhibition effect compared to Galantamine used as standard. Finally, their DNA protective effects were evaluated. In conclusion, it has been understood that phenolic content and the other biological effects are mostly parallel, and the samples may have antioxidant effects at acceptable levels depending on dose.