Comparison of the efficacy of the Schroth method and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique in adolescent idiopathic Scoliosis: a randomized controlled, single-blinded study

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the Schroth and PNF exercise methods concerning the Cobb angle, trunk rotation angle, quality of life, and aesthetic trunk deformity in adolescents diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: This study employed a randomized, single-blind, 1:1 parallel-group design, involving a total of 67 adolescent patients. Participants were randomly allocated to either the Schroth group or the PNF group. Both groups participated in supervised exercise training sessions three times a week over a six-month period. Baseline and post-treatment assessments were conducted by the same researcher, who remained blinded to group allocations throughout the study. Statistical analysis was conducted using a mixed model for repeated measures ANOVA for each outcome measure. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the groups in terms of the Cobb angle, trunk rotation angle (ATR), Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) scores, and Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale (WRVAS) parameters (p < .001). The mean change scores indicated a statistically greater improvement in favor of the Schroth group across all parameters compared to the PNF group. Statistically significant changes were observed for all parameters within groups (p < .05). Conclusions: The study compared the principles of the Schroth and PNF methods, demonstrating that the Schroth method achieved more favorable outcomes than PNF in the conservative management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This trial is registered with NCT05227638.