Semantic Analysis of The Concept of Intercession(Shafa?a)

Abstract

The subject of intercession, which is one of the controversial topics of theology, has also entered the field of research of the science of tafsir due to the frequent use of this concept in the Qur?an. It can be said that the fact that many discussions have been and continue to be held on the meaning of the concept has led us to analyze this concept. This concept, on which there is no unanimity in terms of its nature, stands before us as a problem that maintains its actuality. The primary way to contribute to revealing the nature of the concept is to examine the world of meaning of this concept. The concept of intercession is an important concept that is mentioned in thirty-one verses of the Qur?an. The main purpose of researching this concept and the desired result is to determine the meanings of the concept of intercession in the pre-Islamic society and Islamic understanding and to put forward a concept analysis that will help how the understanding of intercession should be in the light of the Qur?an. By analyzing the semantics of this concept, it is to contribute to the clarification of this anachronistic issue that has been discussed for centuries. While analyzing the root of the concept, first of all, it was tried to determine the meanings of the concept in the poems of the ignorance period. Then, the meanings of the concept in classical dictionary books were examined. Finally, an effort has been made to create a synthesis through the interpretations of the commentators on the concept.Kelâm ilminin tartismali konularindan birisi olan sefaat konusu Kur’ân-i Kerim’in bu kavrami sikça kullanmasi sebebiyle tefsir ilminin de arastirma alanina girmistir. Kavramin anlam dünyasi üzerinde birçok tartismanin yapildigi ve yapilmaya devam ettigi gerçegi bizi, bu kavramin analiz edilmesine sevk ettigi söylenebilir. Mahiyet açisindan üzerinde ittifakin saglanamadigi bu kavram, güncelligini koruyan bir problem olarak karsimizda durmaktadir. Kavramin mahiyetini ortaya koymaya katki saglamanin öncelikli yolunun ise bu kavramin mana dünyasinin irdelenmesidir. Sefaat kavrami, Kur’ân-i Kerîm’in otuz bir âyette konu edindigi önemli bir kavramdir. Bu kavramin arastirilmasindaki temel amacin ve bununla ulasilmak istenen sonucun Islâm öncesi toplumda ve Islâm anlayisinda sefaat kavraminin hangi anlamlarda kullanildigini tespit ederek Kur’ân isiginda sefaat anlayisinin nasil olmasi gerektigine yardimci olacak bir kavram tahlili ortaya koymaktir. Bu kavramin semantik incelemesinin yapilmasiyla asirlardir tartisilan bu kadim meselenin biraz daha netlige kavusmasina katkida bulunmaktir. Kavramin kök analizi yapilirken öncelikle câhiliye dönemi siirlerinde hangi anlamlarda ele alindigi saptanmaya çalisilmistir. Daha sonra klasik lügat kitaplarinda kavramin manalari irdelenmistir. Son olarak müfessirlerin kavrama yönelik yorumlari üzerinden bir sentez olusturulmaya gayret edilmistir.