Efficacy of Exogenous Abscisic Acid on Cholinesterase Enzyme Activity and Phenolic Compound Variability in Hypericum perforatum calli

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on cholinesterase enzyme activities and bioactive components of in vitro calli of Hypericum perforatum. Calli were obtained from Linsmaier Skoog (LS)/B5 medium containing 0.5 mg L-1 thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.5 mg L-1 indole butyric acid (IBA). Different abscisic acid (0.01 mg L-1, 0.05 mg L-1,and 0.1 mg L-1) applications were performed on the calli obtained in tissue culture and extracted in 80% methanol. Hispidulin, fumaric acid, acacetin, epicatechin, and naringenin compounds were analyzed in Liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). While epicatechin (1.09 mg L-1) was found at the highest 0.05 mg L-1 ABA in callus samples, fumaric acid (2.30 mg L-1) and hispidulin (0.78 mg L-1) compounds were detected in the highest containing of 0.1 mg L-1 ABA. Acacetin (0.10 mg L-1) was produced in only 0.01 mg L-1 ABA, whereas naringenin (0.01 mg L-1) was produced in medium containing 0.05 mg L-1 ABA. The strongest Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (0.207 +/- 0.012) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (0.243 +/- 0.019) inhibition activity was shown the best with 0.1 mg L-1 ABA application. This study has shown that ABA can be used as an elicitor in callus culture of H. perforatum, and the amounts of related metabolites can be changed via elicitors.