The psychological effects of earthquakes on preschool children: Evidence from drawings and narratives

Abstract

This study investigates the emotional and cognitive effects of earthquakes on preschool children based on the pictures they draw and the stories they tell. Focusing on the aftermath of one of the most devastating natural disasters in recent history, the 2023 Kahramanmaras, earthquakes in Turkey, this study aims to understand how major disasters affect young minds. Using a case study approach, the earthquake drawings of 112 preschool children from disaster-affected areas are analysed to examine the children's perceptions, fears, hopes, and resilience in the face of disaster. The findings show that preschool children express their earthquake-related experiences and emotions through specific themes, colours, and facial expressions in their drawings. Predominantly using dark colours such as black, the children depicted themes of damage and destruction, reflecting their awareness of the physical and social effects of the earthquakes. Sad or expressionless faces were commonly depicted, suggesting negative emotional reactions and potential trauma experienced by the children. These findings highlight the importance of meeting young children's emotional needs following traumatic events and the value of drawing as a therapeutic and diagnostic tool.