Developing a Scale of Attitudes Toward European Union Citizenship for Refugee Students

Abstract

This research was carried out in order to prepare a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to determine the attitudes of refugee students toward European Union citizenship. The study group of the research consists of 211 refugee students studying in four different secondary schools in Ankara, Karabük, and Şanlıurfa provinces in the fall semester of the 2022–2023 academic year. The research started by scanning the relevant literature. Afterward, the scale items devel- oped in line with the findings were shaped with expert opinions. In order to ensure the validity of the scale, while the construct validity, the correlation matrix for the total score and its factors, and the item–total correlations are calculated; internal consistency analyses were used to determine reliability. With the statistics made, it was determined that the correlation coefficients reached in the item–total correlations of the scale were at an acceptable level, and it was determined that all items were statistically significant. By making use of exploratory factor analysis, scale items are divided into three different dimensions, which are as follows: “Investing for Citizenship,” “Change for Citizenship,” and “Shame for Citizenship.”