Proficiency of biplot methods (Ammi and GGE) in the appraisal of triticale genotypes in multiple environments

Abstract

The AMMI (additive main effect and multiplicative interaction) and GGE (genotype, genotype x environment) biplot analyses were used to evaluate and identify stability and yield of Triticale genotypes at three different locations throughout two years (2014-15-2015-16). The AMMI analysis of variance showed significant genotype, environment and GE interaction and indicated 1.31, 98.40 and 0.28% of total variation, respectively. The GGE bi-plot analysis indicated 78.19% of the total variation (PC1 (priciple component) 50.01%, and PC2 26.08%). This study has been useful to discriminate genotypes with superior and stable yield evaluated by the AMMI analysis and yield stability index incorporating the AMMI stability value and yield capacity in a single non-parametric index. The AMMI analysis indicated that G4, G8 (candidate) and G6 were found to be quite promising genotypes. In the GGE biplot analysis genotypes were investigated in two mega-environments, and the first mega-environment covered E3, E5 and E6, and the second mega-environment covered E1, E2 and E4. The genotypes G6, G8, G9 and G11 were the wining genotypes in ME (mega-environment) I, G3, G4 and G12 and in ME II. The GGE and AMMI biplot approaches let us to describe the best genotypes, and G8 to be stable and high yielding for both ME, G6 only for ME I, G4 only for ME II and can be recommended to release as a cultivar. © 2019, ALÖKI Kft., Budapest, Hungary.